Religion: Religious Expression Laws

Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand (2017)

The Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of religion. It states that individuals have the right to profess, practice, and maintain any religion according to their beliefs. The Constitution also prohibits discrimination based on religion and promotes religious harmony and tolerance.

Sangha Act (1962)

The Sangha Act regulates Buddhist affairs and the Sangha (Buddhist monastic community) administration in Thailand. It provides a legal framework for the organization and management of Buddhist institutions, including the appointment of senior monks and the administration of monastic property.

Places of Worship Act (1975)

The Places of Worship Act governs the registration and regulation of religious places of worship in Thailand. It requires religious organizations to register their places of worship with the government and outlines regulations regarding construction, maintenance, and use of religious buildings.

Non-Theravada Buddhist Act (1941)

The Non-Theravada Buddhist Act recognizes and provides legal recognition to non-Theravada Buddhist sects and orders in Thailand. It establishes provisions for the registration and administration of non-Theravada Buddhist institutions, allowing for the legal existence and practice of these religious groups.

National Buddhism Office Act (2002)

The National Buddhism Office Act establishes the National Buddhism Office, which serves as the central administrative body for Buddhist affairs in Thailand. It regulates the activities and operations of the office, including its role in coordinating with other government agencies and promoting Buddhist teachings and activities.

Penal Code (1956)

The Penal Code contains provisions related to offenses against religion. It criminalizes acts such as insulting or defaming religious objects, promoting religious hatred, or causing religious disturbances. Violations of these provisions can result in fines or imprisonment, depending on the specific offense committed.

Printing and Distribution of Buddha Images Act (1957)

The Printing and Distribution of Buddha Images Act regulates the printing, distribution, and commercial use of Buddha images in Thailand. It aims to protect the sanctity and respect of Buddha images and imposes restrictions on unauthorized reproduction, improper use, or disrespectful handling of these sacred objects.

Aliens Act (1979)

The Aliens Act regulates the entry, stay, and activities of foreigners in Thailand. It includes provisions related to religious activities by foreigners, including restrictions on engaging in missionary work or proselytizing without proper authorization. Foreigners who wish to engage in religious activities in Thailand may need to obtain appropriate visas or permissions.

Public Assembly Act (2015)

The Public Assembly Act governs public gatherings and demonstrations in Thailand, which may include religious processions, rallies, or gatherings. While not specific to religious expression, the act outlines the requirements, restrictions, and procedures for organizing and conducting public assemblies, including those with religious purposes.

Civil and Commercial Code (1925)

The Civil and Commercial Code regulates civil matters in Thailand, including issues related to religious institution ownership of property and tax status. It provides provisions regarding the ownership, acquisition, and transfer of property by religious organizations, as well as their tax obligations and exemptions.

Education Act (1999)

The Education Act provides the legal framework for education in Thailand, including provisions related to religious education. It allows for the inclusion of religious instruction in both public and private schools, while also ensuring respect for the rights and beliefs of students from different religious backgrounds.

Religious Affairs Department Act (1992)

The Religious Affairs Department Act establishes the Religious Affairs Department as a government agency responsible for religious affairs in Thailand. It outlines the roles, functions, and powers of the department, which include the promotion of religious harmony and cooperation among different religious communities.

Charity Act (1999)

The Charity Act governs charitable activities in Thailand, which may include religious organizations involved in philanthropic or social welfare work. It regulates the registration, administration, and operation of charitable entities, including religious organizations engaged in charitable activities.

National Human Rights Commission Act (1999)

The National Human Rights Commission Act establishes the National Human Rights Commission of Thailand, which is responsible for promoting and protecting human rights in the country. While not specific to religious expression, the commission plays a role in addressing human rights issues, including those related to religious freedom and discrimination based on religion.

Community Forest Act (2017)

The Community Forest Act recognizes the rights of local communities, including indigenous peoples, to manage and protect their traditional lands, which may include sacred sites or areas of religious significance. This act allows communities to have a say in the management and use of their forests, including for religious and cultural purposes.

Computer-Related Crime Act (2017)

The Computer-Related Crime Act regulates online activities in Thailand, including those related to religious expression. It criminalizes certain actions such as the dissemination of false information that may cause public panic or harm religious beliefs. Violations of this act can result in fines and imprisonment.

Digital Economy and Society Act (2017)

The Digital Economy and Society Act regulates the use of digital technologies and platforms in Thailand. While not specific to religious expression, it may have implications for online religious activities, such as the use of social media for religious purposes. The act outlines provisions related to online content, cybersecurity, and personal data protection.

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